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41.
日光温室内作物干物质积累预测新方法研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
介绍了一种有效结合神经网络和作物生长模型预测目光温室内作物干物质积累的方法,该方法既解决了经验模型的解释性和广适性差的缺点,又解决了机理模型难以理解和使用、输入多而输出欠稳定的不足。以有效光照积累和有效积温作为输入参数,以作物的干物质积累作为输出参数建立神经网络,利用大量实测数据对神经网络结构进行训练,建立作物干物质积累与有效光照累积和有效积温之间的关系,从而对干物质积累进行预测。并以目光温室内黄瓜为例,采用此方法对其进行干物质积累的预测,与实际测量结果相比较,误差率不超过10%。 相似文献
42.
The performance (survival and growth) of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii Mirb. Franco.) seedlings planted in minimally disturbed, scalped, and bedded soils, both with and without herbicidal control of weeds, were compared. Douglas-fir growing for 3 years in bedded soils treated with herbicide were heavier, taller, and had deeper root systems than trees growing in other preparations. Scalping did not improve seedling performance when compared to minimally disturbed soils. Soils rich in organic matter benefited tree growth. Competing vegetation in raised beds was detrimental to seedling performance. 相似文献
43.
L. Alpízar Professor H. W. Fassbender Coordinator J. Heuveldop Professor H. Fölster G. Enríquez 《Agroforestry Systems》1986,4(3):175-189
The agroforestry systems of cacao (Theobroma cacao) under laurel (Cordia alliodora) and cacao under poro (Erythrina poeppigiana) were studied at CATIE, Turrialba, Costa Rica. An inventory was taken of the organic matter and nutrients (N, P, K, Ca, and Mg) separating the species into their compartments (leaves, branches, trunks and roots). Studies of the litter and of the mineral soil (0–45 cm) yielded these results:
Patterns of nutrient accumulation are discussed in relation to the characteristics of these agroforestry systems. 相似文献
44.
Variations in soil chemical properties and microbial biomass in artificial gaps in silver fir stands
Changes in soil chemical and microbiological parameters in small (185 m2) and medium (410 m2) gaps, created in mature silver fir (Abies alba Mill) stands (mean height 30 m) in the Calabrian Apennines (Southern Italy), were studied over 2 years. Medium gaps had high
soil temperature and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) transmittance and low soil moisture. Within small gaps we detected
a greater amount of organic matter, with respect to under canopy cover sites and medium gaps. Moreover, a different trend
of the organic matter between small and medium gaps was observed. In the medium gaps, with respect to under canopy cover sites
and small gaps, we found a relatively low content of organic matter, associated to a lower amount of humic acid, which suggested
that the organic substrate undergoes a mineralization rather than a humification process. An opposite trend was observed in
small gaps, where the increase of organic matter content, associated to an increase of humic acid and microbial biomass, suggested
a better humification process. Moreover, in small gaps the highest level of urease and the greatest fluorescein diacetate
(FDA) hydrolysis were observed. The different trend of organic matter observed in small and medium gaps may be related to
changes in the environmental conditions. PAR transmittance, significantly higher in medium gaps, contributed to increase soil
temperature and decrease soil moisture, affecting soil microbial populations and organic matter trend. These results suggest
that the creation of small gaps represents the silvicultural practice with minor environmental impact. 相似文献
45.
The relationship of branch cross sectional area (CS) to leaf biomass (LM) and leaf area (LA) was studied in three agroforestry tree species,Calliandra calothyrsus Maissn.,Erythrina berteroana Urban andErythrina poeppigiana (Walpers) O.F. Cook, to develop a non-destructive method for the estimation of LM and LA for trees managed with periodic pruning. Variation in these relationships was observed according to the bifurcation level and, in theErythrina spp., by clone. All the relationships were linear except the CS-LM relation in small branches ofE. poeppigiana, where it was initially exponential. At main branch level the relationship of CS to LM and LA was linear in all cases but the regression parameter values varied between species and clones, with determination coefficient (R2) 0.88–0.99. It was concluded that the ratio of main branch CS to LM and LA can be used for non-destructive estimation of the latter variables. The method has the additional benefit that the regression parameter value reflects the allocation of dry matter within a tree and, consequently, may give indications about its possible uses in different agroforestry systems.Work carried out at the Centro Agronómico Tropical de Investigación y Enseñanza (CATIE), Turrialba, Costa Rica. 相似文献
46.
不同母岩母质上土壤特性的分析与研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
不同的母岩母质,一般形成不同性质的土壤。分析研究不同母岩母质上发育的土壤特性,对于指导农林业生产具有重要的意义。本文仅就河北省西陵地区几种主要母岩质上发育的土壤做了初步的分析。经研究发现,不同母岩母质上发育形成的土壤,其物理化学性质都存在很大的差异。 相似文献
47.
Prosopis cineraria is an important species for aridzone agroforestry in India. Information on the chemical composition and nutritive value of the leaves of young trees that will be useful in screening the provenances, is lacking. Chemical composition (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Na), crude protein, and structural carbohydrates (neutral detergent fibre, acid detergent fibre, cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin) of the foliage of one-year-old plants of 31 provenances ofProsopis cineraria were determined. The seeds were collected from 16°50 N to 29°55 N latitude and 69°49 E to 78°03 E longitude in India, and grown at Hisar (29°10 N latitude, 75°46 E longitude and 215 m altitude). Mineral contents (except N and P), crude protein, and structural carbohydrates varied significantly (p<0.05) between provenances, and the greatest amount of N, P, crude protein, NDF, ADF and lignin contents were found in Hisar provenance. The in vitro dry matter digestibility varied from 18.2% in Gandhinagar provenance to 34.0% in that of Barmer provenance. 相似文献
48.
49.
Stephen Adu-Bredu Taketo Yokota Kazuharu Ogawa Akio Hagihara 《Journal of Forest Research》1997,2(1):31-37
The study was carried out in a 9-year-old hinoki cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa (Sieb. et Zucc.) Endl.), stand over a span of three years from July 1992 to June 1995, primarily to predict litter production
from exteral tree dimensions by combining open-top clothtrap and clipping methods. Litter production was virtually concentrated
in October and November. Stem cross-sectional area at the crown base was proved to be the reliable predictor of litter production,
and that single regression model was evolved irrespective of year. The regression model had proportional constants of 2.696
× 10−2 and 3.540 × 10−2 kg cm−2 year−1 for leaf litter and total litter production, respectively. Utilizing the model, leaf litter production of the stand was assessed
to be 5.04, 5.12, and 4.99, and total litter production to be 6.48, 6.58, and 6.40 Mg ha−1 year−1 for the first, second and third year, respectively. Biomass increment was 6.67, 7.80, and 7.70, tree mortality was 0.15,
0.13, and 0.41, and insect grazing was 0.09, 0.05, and 0.002 Mg ha−1 year−1 for the first, second and third year, respectively. Above-groud net production was therefore 13.39, 14.55, and 14.51, Mg
ha−1 year−1, and biomass accumulation ratio (biomass/net production) was 1.86, 2.21, and 2.76 year for the first, second and third year,
respectively. Considering data from earlier studies and the results of this study, biomass accumulation ratio,BAR (year), of hinoki stands was best related to above-ground biomass,y (Mg ha−1), using the power function:BAR=0.112y
0.936. Excluding seedling stands, leaf efficiency (above-ground net production per unit leaf mass) of hinoki stands was 0.91±0.02
(SE) Mg Mg−1 year−1, irrespective of stand biomass or age. 相似文献
50.